CIDeRplusGeneral Information:
| Id: | 2,694 |
| Diseases: |
Diabetes mellitus, type II
- [OMIM]
Insulin resistance |
| Mus musculus | |
| Fto-/- mouse | |
| article | |
| Reference: | Fischer J et al.(2009) Inactivation of the Fto gene protects from obesity. Nature 458: 894-898 [PMID: 19234441] |
Interaction Information:
| Comment | Fto-/- mice showed reduced size and body weight which persisted throughout their entire lifespan. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25176 |
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| Comment | Fto-/- mice showed reduced size and body weight which persisted throughout their entire lifespan. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25177 |
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| Comment | Fat mass is significantly reduced in Fto-/- mice by 60% and 23% in males and females, respectively. Although lean mass is also reduced in these mice, it is affected to a lesser extent than fat mass, namely by 26% and 19% in males and females. Fto-/- mice showed a significant reduction in the mass of dissected epigonadal white adipose tissue (WAT), which became more pronounced with increasing age, resulting in a nearly complete loss of WAT at the age of 15 months, the adipocyte size was markedly reduced. Conversely, analysis of brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass showed no significant changes. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25178 |
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| Comment | Fat mass is significantly reduced in Fto-/- mice by 60% and 23% in males and females, respectively. Although lean mass is also reduced in these mice, it is affected to a lesser extent than fat mass, namely by 26% and 19% in males and females. Fto-/- mice showed a significant reduction in the mass of dissected epigonadal white adipose tissue (WAT), which became more pronounced with increasing age, resulting in a nearly complete loss of WAT at the age of 15 months, the adipocyte size was markedly reduced. Conversely, analysis of brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass showed no significant changes. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25180 |
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| Comment | Fat mass is significantly reduced in Fto-/- mice by 60% and 23% in males and females, respectively. Although lean mass is also reduced in these mice, it is affected to a lesser extent than fat mass, namely by 26% and 19% in males and females. Fto-/- mice showed a significant reduction in the mass of dissected epigonadal white adipose tissue (WAT), which became more pronounced with increasing age, resulting in a nearly complete loss of WAT at the age of 15 months, the adipocyte size was markedly reduced. Conversely, analysis of brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass showed no significant changes. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25181 |
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| Comment | A moderate reduction in Fto expression protects from diet-induced obesity. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25182 |
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| Comment | Serum leptin concentrations were significantly decreased in Fto-/- mice. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25183 |
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| Comment | Serum concentrations of adiponectin, which has been shown to be inversely correlated to adipose tissue mass, were significantly increased in Fto-/- mice. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25184 |
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| Comment | The absolute food intake of Fto-/- mice was unaltered compared to wild-type littermates. When correcting the data either for body weight or for lean mass, however, Fto-/- mice show a significant relative hyperphagia. The experiments indicate that the lean phenotype of Fto-/- mice does not result from a reduced caloric intake. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25185 |
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| Comment | The leanness of Fto-deficient mice develops as a consequence of increased energy expenditure. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25186 |
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| Comment | Fto-negative mice had significantly decreased physical activity, and a similar trend could be observed in the heterozygous animals. Thus, Fto-deficient mice have increased energy expenditure in the presence of reduced spontaneous locomotor activity. Reduced locomotor activity occurred in the presence of unaltered MCH expression, as a known regulator of locomotor activity. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25187 |
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| Comment | Fto-negative mice had significantly decreased physical activity, and a similar trend could be observed in the heterozygous animals. Thus, Fto-deficient mice have increased energy expenditure in the presence of reduced spontaneous locomotor activity. Reduced locomotor activity occurred in the presence of unaltered MCH expression, as a known regulator of locomotor activity. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25188 |
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| Comment | Fto-negative mice had significantly decreased physical activity, and a similar trend could be observed in the heterozygous animals. Thus, Fto-deficient mice have increased energy expenditure in the presence of reduced spontaneous locomotor activity. Reduced locomotor activity occurred in the presence of unaltered MCH expression, as a known regulator of locomotor activity. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25192 |
gene/protein affects_activity of |
| Comment | Neither increased mitochondrial uncoupling nor altered thyroid function seemed to account for the increased energy expenditure of Fto-/- mice, because analysis of circulating thyroid hormone concentrations as well as the mRNA expression of uncoupling protein Ucp1 in BAT revealed no changes in the absence of functional Fto expression. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25193 |
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| Comment | Neither increased mitochondrial uncoupling nor altered thyroid function seemed to account for the increased energy expenditure of Fto-/- mice, because analysis of circulating thyroid hormone concentrations as well as the mRNA expression of uncoupling protein Ucp1 in BAT revealed no changes in the absence of functional Fto expression. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25194 |
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| Comment | Circulating plasma adrenaline concentrations were significantly increased in Fto-/- compared to control mice, and circulating plasma noradrenaline concentrations showed a similar trend, which did not reach statistical significance. Thus, energy expenditure in Fto-deficient mice occurs in the presence of increased sympathetic activation. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25195 |
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| Comment | Circulating plasma adrenaline concentrations were significantly increased in Fto-/- compared to control mice, and circulating plasma noradrenaline concentrations showed a similar trend, which did not reach statistical significance. Thus, energy expenditure in Fto-deficient mice occurs in the presence of increased sympathetic activation. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25196 |
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| Comment | FTO-/- mice showed an overall unaltered glucose metabolism with a mild improvement in insulin sensitivity, presumably as a consequence of leanness and increased circulating plasma adiponectin concentrations. |
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Formal Description Interaction-ID: 25197 |
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